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At the just-concluded first China Low Carbon (Energy) Entrepreneurship Competition, Shanghai Hangsheng Marine Design Co., Ltd. won the championship for the offshore wind power special installation platform program, and has determined to obtain an investment of more than 300 million yuan from an investment company. The appreciation of capital for offshore wind power installation and maintenance equipment is evident.
Technology stuck to offshore wind power
The National Offshore Wind Power Work Symposium held not long ago revealed that the development goal of China's offshore wind power is 5 million kilowatts in 2015 and 30 million kilowatts in 2020. By 2020, China is expected to become the world's largest offshore wind power country.
Some insiders admit that with the rapid development of the wind power industry, offshore wind power is also expected. However, in terms of current technical means, its development difficulty is far greater than that of terrestrial wind power generation systems, and the cost of constructing and operating offshore wind farms is significantly higher than that of terrestrial wind farms.
For example, experts say that the complexity of the marine environment places higher demands on the installation and maintenance of wind turbines than on land. The commercial development of offshore wind power requires that costs must be reduced, and one of the ways is to have dedicated installation and maintenance equipment.
The offshore wind power installation special ship is seriously insufficient
It is understood that the shortage of special ships for offshore wind turbine installations is one of the key factors leading to the high development cost of offshore wind farms.
The relevant person in charge of the Donghai Bridge offshore wind power project owner Shanghai Donghai Wind Power Co., Ltd. once said that due to the late start, there is still no research on the installation of offshore wind turbines in China. At present, no special vessel equipment suitable for offshore wind turbine installation has been built. With some modifications to the vessel. Therefore, practical and safe transportation and installation are technical problems that need to be solved in all offshore wind power construction.
An industry insider of CSIC also believes that in addition to the quality of wind turbines, the shortage of offshore wind power installation ships, insufficient construction experience, and high development costs are also obstacles to the development of offshore wind power. According to reports, the installation of offshore wind power, whether it is technology, construction period, or cost depends on the installation tools, that is, special ships and platforms for offshore installation. At present, China's offshore wind power technology support is relatively weak, lack of construction equipment to adapt to a variety of construction conditions, the design and construction of offshore wind turbines, research and testing is insufficient, offshore substations and submarine cable transmission levels are also low.
Some analysis reports indicate that the construction cost of offshore wind farms is mainly concentrated on the construction and installation of wind farm facilities. Wind farm facilities include wind turbines, foundations, cables, etc., which account for about 79% of the total wind farm construction costs; wind farm installations include the installation of offshore wind turbines and the laying of submarine cables, which cost about 15%, including the installation of fans and The basic cost is about 9%, and the cost of submarine cable laying is about 6%. The installation process of offshore wind turbines is usually divided into two phases, starting with the construction of the foundation and then installing the wind turbine components (tower, nacelle, blades, etc.) on the basis. There are two methods for installing the fan: the split installation method and the fan installation method. The split installation is the most mature and widely used.
It is understood that the early installation of offshore wind turbines mainly relies on crane ships or jack-up platforms. However, due to severe restrictions on the sea conditions of the operation and low construction efficiency, the cranes are mainly installed in some demonstration projects in the early stage of offshore wind farm development, and are rarely used after entering large-scale installation. At present, the only offshore wind farm in China--Shanghai Donghai Bridge offshore wind power demonstration project uses floating cranes for overall lifting of wind turbines.
CCID Consulting's researcher said, "The complexity of the construction environment of offshore wind power projects and the lack of special equipment have brought great challenges to the construction of offshore wind power projects. Offshore wind power is an emerging offshore marine project in recent years. Many of them have been suitable for offshore oil floating. Hanging, obviously it is difficult to meet the needs of offshore wind power installation."
Development prospects drive enterprise layout
Although the offshore wind power industry is still in its infancy, the demand for related equipment has begun to emerge. In recent years, new or modified specialized offshore wind turbine installation vessels have emerged. MPI Offshore's "Mayflower" is the world's first ship built specifically for the installation of offshore wind turbines. The total cost is about $75 million and was delivered in early 2004. However, it is worth noting that the vast majority of existing offshore wind turbine installations are not specifically designed for the installation of offshore wind turbines. According to statistics, most of the existing offshore wind power installations in the world are still non-self-propelled jack-up platforms or crane ships.
Domestic shipbuilding enterprises and even some heavy industry enterprises are also laid out in advance, and they are on standby.
Previously, CSIC (Chongqing) Haizhuang Wind Power Equipment Co., Ltd. invested heavily in the development of offshore wind power equipment. One of the important ones was to build offshore wind power installation vessels; CSIC 708 also independently developed and designed China's first self-elevation Offshore wind power installation ship "Ocean 38".
In addition, private enterprises such as Jiangsu Shengyu Wind Power Equipment Co., Ltd. have advanced layouts in advance, hoping to seize the opportunity of offshore wind power installation.
At the same time, some companies are also targeting offshore wind power installation engineering while aiming at offshore wind power installation equipment. According to relevant sources of CCCC Third Navigation Engineering Bureau, at present, offshore wind power projects have offshore deepwater projects and intertidal projects. Unlike offshore deepwater projects, intertidal projects are more difficult to construct and have broader prospects.